ABSTRACT

                      These  three  objectives  were  to  study  (1) Māra  in  TheravādaBuddhism(2) the  duties  of  Māra  in  Theravāda  Buddhism  and  (3) the  activities  indeliverance  of  Māra  in  TheravādaBuddhism  studied  by  Tipitaka  commentary,  texts  and  literatures  of  Buddhism  or  some  thesisrelated  to  thisresearch.The  results were as follows:

                      Māra  in  Vinaiya-Pitaka  was  an  abstract  with  violence  wishing  animals  under  their  control  and  pushing  people  to  do  evils.  Māra  in  Suttra-Pitakawas  concrete  object  with  the  body  which  would  trap  people  with  complicated  tricks  resulting  in  the  confusion  of  the  behavior  according  to  their  behaviors  in  the  form  of  god, people or animals.Mārain  Aphidhama-Pitaka  was  an  abstract  with  high complication resulting in  misunderstanding.  Māra  in  Aphidhama-Pitakaconsisted of five  kinds  as  (1) Māra  of  defilement  (2) Māra  of  Aggregates  (3) Māra  of  Deity  (4) Māra  of  Karma-formation  and  (5) Māraof  Death.            

                      The  roles  of  Mārawere clear in  Tipitakathat  Māra  of  Defilement  hindered  to  do  virtue  and  stimulus  people to  do  evils.  Māra  of  Aggregates  closed  the truth together with deceiving the  people in the cycle of inconsideration and  suffers of sickness.  Māra  of  Deity  decorated  mind  of  people  to  do severe evils,  to be misled, and to stick to Dhamma.  Māra  of  Karma-formation blocked or forbade people from doing good things such as Dhamma practice.  Besides, it blocked the meditation to happen in the mind of people and caused scare with unusual pictures resulting fears and a lack of making merits or Dhammaenlightenment.

The  Practices  to  deliverance  from  five  Māras: (1) Māra  of  defilement  (2) Māra  of  Aggregates  (3) Māra  of  Deity  (4) Māra  of  Karma-formation  and  (5) Māraof  Death. In order to be free fromMāra  of  defilement, people have to treat themselves in the way of Noble  eightfold  path.  In order to be free from Māraof  Aggregates, people have to consider  the  five groups  of  existences  consisting  of  uncertainness,  suffers,  and shapelessness.  In order to be free from Māraof  Deity, people have to behave themselves according to the  Buddhist  metaphysics  by keeping  precepts,  meditating,  and  clearing  up their wisdom.  In order to be free fromMāra  of  Karma-formation, people have to practice to leave  ten  fetters such as personality  view,  doubt  adherence  to  rule  and  rituals,  sexual  desire, greed  for  fine  material  existence,  greed  for  immaterial  existence,  greed  for  immaterial  existence, and  pride  restlessness  ignorance. In order to be from Māra  of  Death, people have to consider  the world with two empty as  out of our control and  blankness or emptiness.